---
title: “The Saracens,” said he, “are ravaging our land, and their object is… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “The Saracens,” said he, “are ravaging our land, and their object is our conquest. Who acts: Saracens, object. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 37

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“The Saracens,” said he, “are ravaging our land, and their object is our conquest.

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**Who acts:** Saracens, object · **What happens:** say, ravage, be · **To what, where:** land, conquest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracens, object), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:14:37
# text = “The Saracens,” said he, “are ravaging our land, and their object is our conquest.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Saracens	Saracen	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	ravaging	ravage	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
12	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	conquest	conquest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Saracens |  |  |  |  | king *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ravage** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the Saracens *not said here* | our land |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Saracens's object | our conquest |  |  |  | our *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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