--- title: Many ancient courtiers who were present looked upon this as an evil… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: Many ancient courtiers who were present looked upon this as an evil omen, and counselled the king not to set forward on his march that day; but, disregarding all auguries and portents, he ordered the royal banner to be put upon a lance, and gave it in charge of another standard bearer: then commandi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/14/45/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/14/) / 45 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 45 Many ancient courtiers who were present looked upon this as an evil omen, and counselled the king not to set forward on his march that day; but, disregarding all auguries and portents, he ordered the royal banner to be put upon a lance, and gave it in charge of another standard bearer: then commanding the trumpets to be sounded, he departed at the head of his host to seek the enemy. **Who acts:** Many ancient courtiers, king · **What happens:** be, look, counsell, not set forward, disregard, order · **To what, where:** present, king, march, auguries, royal banner, lance · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many ancient courtiers, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:14:45 # text = Many ancient courtiers who were present looked upon this as an evil omen, and counselled the king not to set forward on his march that day; but, disregarding all auguries and portents, he ordered the royal banner to be put upon a lance, and gave it in charge of another standard bearer: then commanding the trumpets to be sounded, he departed at the head of his host to seek the enemy. 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 courtiers courtier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 4 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 5 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 present present NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 acl:relcl _ _ 7 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 upon upon ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 7 obl _ _ 10 as as ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 omen omen NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 counselled counsell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 set set VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 22 forward forward ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 march march NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 26 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 det _ _ 27 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ; ; PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 29 but but CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 disregarding disregard VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 38 ccomp _ _ 32 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 33 det _ _ 33 auguries augury NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 portents portent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 ordered order VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 royal royal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 banner banner NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 43 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 44 aux:pass _ _ 44 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 41 acl _ _ 45 upon upon ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 lance lance NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 50 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 51 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obj _ _ 52 in in ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obl _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 55 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 57 det _ _ 56 standard standard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 amod _ _ 57 bearer bearer NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 58 : : PUNCT : _ 60 punct _ _ 59 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 60 advmod _ _ 60 commanding command VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 50 advcl _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 trumpets trumpet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 60 obj _ _ 63 to to PART TO _ 65 mark _ _ 64 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 65 aux:pass _ _ 65 sounded sound VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 60 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 66 , , PUNCT , _ 68 punct _ _ 67 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 68 nsubj _ _ 68 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 69 at at ADP IN _ 71 case _ _ 70 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 71 det _ _ 71 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 68 obl _ _ 72 of of ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 73 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 74 nmod:poss _ _ 74 host host NOUN NN Number=Sing 71 nmod _ _ 75 to to PART TO _ 76 mark _ _ 76 seek seek VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 68 advcl _ _ 77 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 78 det _ _ 78 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 76 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 79 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Many ancient courtiers | present | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **look** | past | Many ancient courtiers | | | | | upon this; as a evil omen | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon this=Theme | | 3 | **counsell** | past | Many ancient courtiers *not said here* | the king | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **set forward** | to-infinitive | Many ancient courtiers *not said here* | | | king's march that day | | forward *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on march=Destination | | 5 | **disregard** | gerund | king *not said here* | all auguries and portents | | | | | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent augury=Theme | | 6 | **order** | past | king | the royal banner | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent banner=Recipient clause=Topic | | 7 | **put** | to-infinitive · passive | king *not said here* | the royal banner *not said here* | | a lance | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: upon lance=Destination | | 8 | **give** | past | Many ancient courtiers *not said here* | banner | | charge of another standard bearer | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 9 | **command** | gerund | Many ancient courtiers *not said here* | the trumpets | | | then | | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent trumpet=Eventuality | | 10 | **sound** | to-infinitive · passive | Many ancient courtiers *not said here* | | | | | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute» | | 11 | **depart** | past | king | | | the head of king's host | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 12 | **seek** | to-infinitive | king *not said here* | the enemy | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Theme | | 13 | **charge** | | | another standard bearer | | | | | nom charge «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/14/44/) - next →: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/14/46/) - ↑ back to [Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/14/)