---
title: As several leaders of the army were seated with the bishop in his te… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: As several leaders of the army were seated with the bishop in his tent, conversing on the dubious fortunes of the approaching contest, an ancient pilgrim appeared at the entrance. Who acts: conversing. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV., with its depe
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 11

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As several leaders of the army were seated with the bishop in his tent, conversing on the dubious fortunes of the approaching contest, an ancient pilgrim appeared at the entrance.

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**Who acts:** conversing · **What happens:** seat, converse, approach, appear · **To what, where:** several leaders, dubious fortunes, entrance

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (conversing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:15:11
# text = As several leaders of the army were seated with the bishop in his tent, conversing on the dubious fortunes of the approaching contest, an ancient pilgrim appeared at the entrance.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
2	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	advcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bishop	bishop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	conversing	converse	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	csubj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	dubious	dubious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	fortunes	fortune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	amod	_	_
24	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	pilgrim	pilgrim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
29	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seat** | past · passive |  | several leaders of the army |  |  |  | with the bishop in camp's tent | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value |
| 2 | **converse** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  | the dubious fortunes of the approaching contest and a ancient pilgrim |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **approach** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **appear** | past | conversing |  |  | the entrance |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at entrance=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/)