---
title: The sentinel before the tent said, “I saw no one come forth, but it… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The sentinel before the tent said, “I saw no one come forth, but it was as if a blast of wind passed by me, and there was a rustling as of dry leaves.” Who acts: sentinel, one. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV., with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 24

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The sentinel before the tent said, “I saw no one come forth, but it was as if a blast of wind passed by me, and there was a rustling as of dry leaves.”

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**Who acts:** sentinel, one · **What happens:** say, see, come, pass, be, blast · **To what, where:** one, wind, rustling · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sentinel, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:15:24
# text = The sentinel before the tent said, “I saw no one come forth, but it was as if a blast of wind passed by me, and there was a rustling as of dry leaves.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sentinel	sentinel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
14	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
20	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	blast	blast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	31	expl	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	rustling	rustling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
34	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	37	case	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	fixed	_	_
36	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the sentinel before the tent |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** *in a quote* | past | the sentinel before the tent *= sentinel* | no one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** *in a quote* | infinitive | no one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **pass** *in a quote* | participle |  | wind *not said here* |  |  |  | by the sentinel before the tent *= sentinel* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by i=Location |
| 5 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | past | sentinel | a rustling |  |  |  | as dry leaves; a blast of wind *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **blast** *in a quote* |  |  | wind |  |  |  |  | nom blast «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ← previous: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/23/)
- next →: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/25/)
- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/)