---
title: The Bishop Oppas sat with his eyes fixed upon the ground, and shadow… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The Bishop Oppas sat with his eyes fixed upon the ground, and shadowed by his overhanging brow. Who acts: Bishop. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 26

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The Bishop Oppas sat with his eyes fixed upon the ground, and shadowed by his overhanging brow.

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**Who acts:** Bishop · **What happens:** sit, fix, shadow, overhang · **To what, where:** eyes

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bishop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:15:26
# text = The Bishop Oppas sat with his eyes fixed upon the ground, and shadowed by his overhanging brow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Bishop	Bishop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Oppas	Oppas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	shadowed	shadow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	overhanging	overhang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	amod	_	_
18	brow	brow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the Bishop |  |  |  |  | with Bishop's eyes | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fix** | participle |  | Bishop's eyes *not said here* |  |  |  | upon the ground | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **shadow** | participle | the Bishop *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by Bishop's overhanging brow | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by brow=Trajectory |
| 4 | **overhang** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/)