---
title: He had distinguished himself in the African wars, fighting side by s… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: He had distinguished himself in the African wars, fighting side by side with Count Julian, but the latter had never dared to tamper with his faith, for he knew his stern integrity. Who acts: PELISTES. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV., with its depen
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 30

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He had distinguished himself in the African wars, fighting side by side with Count Julian, but the latter had never dared to tamper with his faith, for he knew his stern integrity.

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**Who acts:** PELISTES · **What happens:** distinguish, fight, not dare, know · **To what, where:** PELISTES, African wars, side, latter, stern integrity

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (PELISTES), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:15:30
# text = He had distinguished himself in the African wars, fighting side by side with Count Julian, but the latter had never dared to tamper with his faith, for he knew his stern integrity.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	distinguished	distinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
11	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Count	Count	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Julian	Julian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	dared	dare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	tamper	tamper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
34	stern	stern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	integrity	integrity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distinguish** | past · perfect | PELISTES | PELISTES |  | the African wars |  |  | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Attribute himself=Theme |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund | PELISTES *not said here* | side |  |  |  | by side; with Count Julian | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **not** **dare** | past · perfect · passive |  | the latter |  |  |  | tamper with PELISTES's faith *xcomp* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **know** | past | PELISTES | PELISTES's stern integrity |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer integrity=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- next →: [sentence 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/31/)
- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/)