---
title: What grieved and incensed the spirits of the Christian warriors, how… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: What grieved and incensed the spirits of the Christian warriors, however, was to behold, a little apart from the Moslem host, an encampment of Spanish cavaliers, with the banner of Count Julian waving above their tents. Who acts: banner. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 7

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What grieved and incensed the spirits of the Christian warriors, however, was to behold, a little apart from the Moslem host, an encampment of Spanish cavaliers, with the banner of Count Julian waving above their tents.

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**Who acts:** banner · **What happens:** grieve, incense, wave · **To what, where:** spirits, tents

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:15:7
# text = What grieved and incensed the spirits of the Christian warriors, however, was to behold, a little apart from the Moslem host, an encampment of Spanish cavaliers, with the banner of Count Julian waving above their tents.
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grieved	grieve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	incensed	incense	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	however	however	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	advmod	_	_
20	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Moslem	Moslem	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	encampment	encampment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	cavaliers	cavalier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	banner	banner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	Count	Count	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Julian	Julian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
38	waving	wave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	34	acl	_	_
39	above	above	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	tents	tent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grieve** | past |  |  |  |  |  | What *nsubj*; apart *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **incense** | past |  | the spirits of the Christian warriors |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus spirit=Experiencer |
| 3 | **wave** | gerund | the banner of Count Julian *not said here* |  |  | cavaliers's tents |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above tent=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/)