---
title: He then held a council with his captains, and it was determined to o… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: He then held a council with his captains, and it was determined to offer the enemy general battle on the following day. Who acts: invader, it. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., with its de
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., sentence 41

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He then held a council with his captains, and it was determined to offer the enemy general battle on the following day.

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**Who acts:** invader, it · **What happens:** hold, be, offer, follow · **To what, where:** council, enemy general battle

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (invader, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:16:41
# text = He then held a council with his captains, and it was determined to offer the enemy general battle on the following day.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	captains	captain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	determined	determined	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	enemy	enemy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	amod	_	_
23	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | invader | a council |  |  | then | with invader's captains | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent council=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | it |  |  |  |  | determined *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** | to-infinitive |  | the enemy general battle |  |  | on the following day |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent battle=Theme |
| 4 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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