---
title: As the night closed in, the trumpets from either camp summoned the t… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: As the night closed in, the trumpets from either camp summoned the troops to retire from the combat. Who acts: trumpets. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., sentence 8

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As the night closed in, the trumpets from either camp summoned the troops to retire from the combat.

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**Who acts:** trumpets · **What happens:** close in, summon, retire · **To what, where:** night, troops, combat

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trumpets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:16:8
# text = As the night closed in, the trumpets from either camp summoned the troops to retire from the combat.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
4	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trumpets	trumpet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	either	either	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	summoned	summon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	troops	troops	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	12	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	retire	retire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	combat	combat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close in** | participle |  | the night *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **summon** | past | the trumpets from either camp | the troops |  |  | night |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent troops=Recipient |
| 3 | **retire** | to-infinitive | the trumpets from either camp *not said here* |  |  | the combat |  |  | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from combat=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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