---
title: When Roderick issued forth in this resplendent state, says an Arabia… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: When Roderick issued forth in this resplendent state, says an Arabian writer, surrounded by his guards in gilded armour and waving plumes and scarfs and surcoats of a thousand dyes, it was as if the sun were emerging in the dazzling chariot of the day from amidst the glorious clouds of morning. Who 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 22

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When Roderick issued forth in this resplendent state, says an Arabian writer, surrounded by his guards in gilded armour and waving plumes and scarfs and surcoats of a thousand dyes, it was as if the sun were emerging in the dazzling chariot of the day from amidst the glorious clouds of morning.

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**Who acts:** Roderick, Arabian writer, armour · **What happens:** issue, say, surround, gild, wave, emerge · **To what, where:** resplendent state, Arabian writer, dazzling chariot, morning · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roderick, Arabian writer, armour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:18:22
# text = When Roderick issued forth in this resplendent state, says an Arabian writer, surrounded by his guards in gilded armour and waving plumes and scarfs and surcoats of a thousand dyes, it was as if the sun were emerging in the dazzling chariot of the day from amidst the glorious clouds of morning.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	Roderick	Roderick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	resplendent	resplendent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Arabian	Arabian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	writer	writer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl:agent	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	gilded	gild	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	waving	wave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	amod	_	_
24	plumes	plume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	scarfs	scarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	surcoats	surcoat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	dyes	dye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
36	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
37	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
40	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	emerging	emerge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	dazzling	dazzling	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	_
49	from	from	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
50	amidst	amidst	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
52	glorious	glorious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obl	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past | Roderick |  |  | this resplendent state |  | forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in state=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a Arabian writer |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **surround** | participle |  | a Arabian writer *not said here* |  |  |  | in gilded armour and waving plumes and scarfs and surcoats of thousand dyes; writer's guards *obl:agent* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in armour=Theme |
| 4 | **gild** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **wave** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **emerge** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · progressive | armour |  |  | the dazzling chariot of the day |  | from the glorious clouds of morning; the sun *nsubj* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in chariot=Location |
| 7 | **cloud** |  |  | morning |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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