---
title: The rising sun began to shine along the glistening waters of the Gua… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The rising sun began to shine along the glistening waters of the Guadalete as the Moorish army, squadron after squadron, came sweeping down a gentle declivity to the sound of martial music. Who acts: rising sun. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the B
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 29

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The rising sun began to shine along the glistening waters of the Guadalete as the Moorish army, squadron after squadron, came sweeping down a gentle declivity to the sound of martial music.

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**Who acts:** rising sun · **What happens:** rise, begin, shine, glisten, come, sweep down · **To what, where:** glistening waters, gentle declivity, sound

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rising sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:18:29
# text = The rising sun began to shine along the glistening waters of the Guadalete as the Moorish army, squadron after squadron, came sweeping down a gentle declivity to the sound of martial music.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	amod	_	_
3	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	shine	shine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	along	along	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	glistening	glisten	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Guadalete	guadalete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Moorish	moorish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	squadron	squadron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	after	after	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	squadron	squadron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
24	sweeping	sweep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
25	down	down	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	declivity	declivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **begin** | past | the rising sun |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **shine** | to-infinitive | the rising sun *not said here* |  |  | the glistening waters of the Guadalete |  | as the Moorish army and squadron after squadron | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along water=Location |
| 4 | **glisten** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **come** | past | the rising sun *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **sweep down** | gerund | the rising sun *not said here* | a gentle declivity |  | the sound of martial music |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent declivity=Theme to sound=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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