---
title: The Christian foot-soldiers fought to disadvantage, the greater part… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The Christian foot-soldiers fought to disadvantage, the greater part being destitute of helm or buckler. Who acts: Christian foot soldiers. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 34

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The Christian foot-soldiers fought to disadvantage, the greater part being destitute of helm or buckler.

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**Who acts:** Christian foot soldiers · **What happens:** fight, disadvantage, be · **To what, where:** part destitute

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christian foot soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:18:34
# text = The Christian foot-soldiers fought to disadvantage, the greater part being destitute of helm or buckler.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	disadvantage	disadvantage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
14	destitute	destitute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	helm	helm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	buckler	buckler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | the Christian foot soldiers |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **disadvantage** | to-infinitive | the Christian foot soldiers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | gerund |  | part destitute |  |  |  | of helm or buckler | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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