---
title: A complete panic fell upon the Christians; they threw away their arm… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: A complete panic fell upon the Christians; they threw away their arms and fled in all directions. Who acts: complete panic, bands. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 54

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A complete panic fell upon the Christians; they threw away their arms and fled in all directions.

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**Who acts:** complete panic, bands · **What happens:** fall, throw away, flee · **To what, where:** Christians, arms, directions

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (complete panic, bands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:18:54
# text = A complete panic fell upon the Christians; they threw away their arms and fled in all directions.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	panic	panic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a complete panic |  |  | the Christians |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon christian=Location |
| 2 | **throw away** | past | bands *= band* | bands's arms |  |  |  | away *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme |
| 3 | **flee** | participle | bands *= band* *not said here* |  |  | all directions |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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