---
title: There Moor and Christian, horseman and horse, lay gashed with hideou… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: There Moor and Christian, horseman and horse, lay gashed with hideous wounds; and the river, still red with blood, was filled with the bodies of the slain. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick., with its dep
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick., sentence 2

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There Moor and Christian, horseman and horse, lay gashed with hideous wounds; and the river, still red with blood, was filled with the bodies of the slain.

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**What happens:** lay, gash, fill · **To what, where:** Moor, river

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:19:2
# text = There Moor and Christian, horseman and horse, lay gashed with hideous wounds; and the river, still red with blood, was filled with the bodies of the slain.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	Moor	moor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Christian	Christian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	horseman	horseman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	gashed	gash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	hideous	hideous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	wounds	wound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	still	still	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	slain	slain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present |  | Moor  There and Christian |  |  |  | the river *obl* | tree rules |
| 2 | **gash** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with hideous wounds | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with wound=Instrument |
| 3 | **fill** | past · passive |  | the river *not said here* |  |  |  | with the bodies of the slain | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: with body=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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