---
title: It was even affirmed that he had taken refuge, with many of his host… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: It was even affirmed that he had taken refuge, with many of his host, in an island of the “Ocean sea,” from whence he might yet return, once more to elevate his standard, and battle for the recovery of his throne. Who acts: Spain, throne. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washingto
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick., sentence 31

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It was even affirmed that he had taken refuge, with many of his host, in an island of the “Ocean sea,” from whence he might yet return, once more to elevate his standard, and battle for the recovery of his throne.

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**Who acts:** Spain, throne · **What happens:** affirm, take, return, elevate, recover · **To what, where:** tradition, refuge, more, standard

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Field of Battle After the Defeat.—the Fate of Roderick.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spain, throne), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:19:31
# text = It was even affirmed that he had taken refuge, with many of his host, in an island of the “Ocean sea,” from whence he might yet return, once more to elevate his standard, and battle for the recovery of his throne.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	affirmed	affirm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
9	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
27	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
28	whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	32	advmod	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	35	advmod	_	_
35	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	32	obj	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	elevate	elevate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	acl	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	standard	standard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
43	for	for	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	recovery	recovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	throne	throne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **affirm** | past · passive |  | tradition |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **take** | past · perfect | Spain | refuge |  |  |  | Spain's many host *parataxis* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme |
| 3 | **return** | might | Spain | more  battle for the recovery of Spain's throne |  |  | yet | whence *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Theme |
| 4 | **elevate** | to-infinitive |  | Spain's standard |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent standard=Theme |
| 5 | **recover** |  | Spain's throne |  |  |  |  |  | nom recovery «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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