---
title: The fruits of regular and secure government were manifest in the adv… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The fruits of regular and secure government were manifest in the advancement of agriculture, commerce, and the peaceful arts, and in the increase of wealth, luxury, and refinement; but there was a gradual decline of the simple, hardy, and warlike habits that had distinguished the nation in its semi-
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked., sentence 19

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The fruits of regular and secure government were manifest in the advancement of agriculture, commerce, and the peaceful arts, and in the increase of wealth, luxury, and refinement; but there was a gradual decline of the simple, hardy, and warlike habits that had distinguished the nation in its semi-barbarous days.

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**Who acts:** fruits · **What happens:** be, distinguish, advance · **To what, where:** advancement, gradual decline, simple warlike habits, agriculture

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fruits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:2:19
# text = The fruits of regular and secure government were manifest in the advancement of agriculture, commerce, and the peaceful arts, and in the increase of wealth, luxury, and refinement; but there was a gradual decline of the simple, hardy, and warlike habits that had distinguished the nation in its semi-barbarous days.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	secure	secure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	manifest	manifest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	advancement	advancement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	commerce	commerce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	refinement	refinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
35	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	37	expl	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	gradual	gradual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
43	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	hardy	hardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
48	warlike	warlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	habits	habit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	_
50	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	52	nsubj:pass	_	_
51	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	distinguished	distinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	49	acl:relcl	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obj	_	_
55	in	in	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
56	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	58	nmod:poss	_	_
57	semi-barbarous	semi-barbarous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fruits of regular government |  |  | the advancement of agriculture and commerce |  | the peaceful arts *obl*; the increase of wealth and luxury and refinement *conj*; manifest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the fruits of regular government *not said here* | a gradual decline |  |  |  | of the simple warlike habits | tree rules |
| 3 | **distinguish** | past · perfect · passive |  | the simple warlike habits |  |  | day | the nation *obj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **advance** |  |  | agriculture |  |  |  |  | nom advancement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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