---
title: So saying, he appointed his own brother Oppas, at that time Archbish… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: So saying, he appointed his own brother Oppas, at that time Archbishop of Seville, to take a seat with Sindaredo in the episcopal chair of Toledo, and made him Primate of Spain. Who acts: Witiza. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spa
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked., sentence 38

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So saying, he appointed his own brother Oppas, at that time Archbishop of Seville, to take a seat with Sindaredo in the episcopal chair of Toledo, and made him Primate of Spain.

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**Who acts:** Witiza · **What happens:** say, appoint, take, make · **To what, where:** own brother, seat, episcopal chair, Primate, Witiza · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Witiza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:2:38
# text = So saying, he appointed his own brother Oppas, at that time Archbishop of Seville, to take a seat with Sindaredo in the episcopal chair of Toledo, and made him Primate of Spain.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	Oppas	Oppas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
14	Archbishop	Archbishop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Seville	Seville	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Sindaredo	Sindaredo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	episcopal	episcopal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Toledo	Toledo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
33	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	Primate	Primate	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Witiza *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **appoint** | past | Witiza | Witiza's own brother |  |  |  | Archbishop at that time of Seville *obl* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | a seat |  | the episcopal chair of Toledo |  | with Sindaredo | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent seat=Value in chair=Location |
| 4 | **make** | past | Witiza *not said here* | Primate of Spain | Witiza |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary primate=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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