--- title: It was in vain the denunciations of the church were fulminated from… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: It was in vain the denunciations of the church were fulminated from the chair of St. Peter; Witiza threw off all allegiance to the Roman pontiff, threatening with pain of death those who should obey the papal mandates. Who acts: profligate, Witiza. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/2/40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—o…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/2/) / 40 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked., sentence 40 It was in vain the denunciations of the church were fulminated from the chair of St. Peter; Witiza threw off all allegiance to the Roman pontiff, threatening with pain of death those who should obey the papal mandates. **Who acts:** profligate, Witiza · **What happens:** be, fulminate, throw off, threaten, obey, pain · **To what, where:** denunciations, chair, allegiance, Roman pontiff, those, papal mandates This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (profligate, Witiza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:2:40 # text = It was in vain the denunciations of the church were fulminated from the chair of St. Peter; Witiza threw off all allegiance to the Roman pontiff, threatening with pain of death those who should obey the papal mandates. 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 vain vain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 denunciations denunciation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 church church NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _ 11 fulminated fulminate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl:relcl _ _ 12 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 chair chair NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 St. St. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 Peter Peter PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 Witiza Witiza PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 threw throw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 21 off off ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 23 det _ _ 23 allegiance allegiance NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 Roman roman ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 pontiff pontiff NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 threatening threaten VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 advcl _ _ 30 with with ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 pain pain NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 29 obl _ _ 35 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 36 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 37 obey obey VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 acl:relcl _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 papal papal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 mandates mandate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | profligate | | | | | vain *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **fulminate** | past · passive | | the denunciations of the church | | the chair of St. | | | tree rules | | 3 | **throw off** | past | Witiza | all allegiance | | the Roman pontiff | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent allegiance=Theme to pontiff=Destination | | 4 | **threaten** | gerund | Witiza *not said here* | those | | | | with pain of death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **obey** | should | | the papal mandates | | | | who *nsubj* | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mandate=Theme | | 6 | **pain** | | | death | | | | | nom pain «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/2/39/) - next →: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/2/41/) - ↑ back to [Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/2/)