---
title: Hence this city has ever been darkly renowned for mystic science; in… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Hence this city has ever been darkly renowned for mystic science; insomuch that the magic art was called by the French, and by other nations, the Arte Toledana. Who acts: city, French. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules., with its dependency t
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 12

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Hence this city has ever been darkly renowned for mystic science; insomuch that the magic art was called by the French, and by other nations, the Arte Toledana.

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**Who acts:** city, French · **What happens:** have, be, call · **To what, where:** darkly renowned, magic art · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, French), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:21:12
# text = Hence this city has ever been darkly renowned for mystic science; insomuch that the magic art was called by the French, and by other nations, the Arte Toledana.
1	Hence	hence	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	7	advmod	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
7	darkly	darkly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	renowned	renowned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	mystic	mystic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	insomuch	insomuch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	Arte	Arte	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	Toledana	Toledana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | this city | darkly renowned for mystic science |  |  |  | insomuch *parataxis*; other nations  the Arte Toledana *parataxis* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent renowned=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | participle |  |  |  |  | ever | darkly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **call** | past · passive | the French | the magic art |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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