---
title: The portal is secured by massive doors, opening within the walls of… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The portal is secured by massive doors, opening within the walls of the church, but which are kept rigorously closed. Who acts: massive doors. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 15

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The portal is secured by massive doors, opening within the walls of the church, but which are kept rigorously closed.

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**Who acts:** massive doors · **What happens:** secure, open, keep, close · **To what, where:** portal

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (massive doors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:21:15
# text = The portal is secured by massive doors, opening within the walls of the church, but which are kept rigorously closed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	portal	portal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	secured	secure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	opening	open	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	within	within	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
21	rigorously	rigorously	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **secure** | present · passive | massive doors | the portal |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Theme |
| 2 | **open** | gerund | massive doors *not said here* |  |  |  |  | within the walls of the church | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **keep** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | which *nsubj:pass* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **close** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | rigorously *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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