---
title: Fancying his pursuer at his heels, he took no heed of the obscurity… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Fancying his pursuer at his heels, he took no heed of the obscurity or coldness of the cave, but kept groping and blundering forward, until he came forth at three leagues distance from the city. Who acts: several. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Her
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 27

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Fancying his pursuer at his heels, he took no heed of the obscurity or coldness of the cave, but kept groping and blundering forward, until he came forth at three leagues distance from the city.

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**Who acts:** several · **What happens:** fancy, take, keep, grope, blunder, come · **To what, where:** pursuer, heels, heed, obscurity

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:21:27
# text = Fancying his pursuer at his heels, he took no heed of the obscurity or coldness of the cave, but kept groping and blundering forward, until he came forth at three leagues distance from the city.
1	Fancying	fancy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	pursuer	pursuer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heels	heel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	obscurity	obscurity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	coldness	coldness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
23	groping	grope	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	xcomp	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	blundering	blunder	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	conj	_	_
26	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
31	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
32	at	at	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	nummod	_	_
34	leagues	league	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	compound	_	_
35	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
36	from	from	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fancy** | gerund | several *not said here* | several's pursuer |  | several's heels |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pursuer=Stimulus |
| 2 | **take** | past | several | no heed of the obscurity or coldness of the cave |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 3 | **keep** | past | several *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **grope** | gerund | several *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **blunder** | gerund | several *not said here* |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **come** | past | several |  |  |  |  | at leagues distance from the city; forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at distance=Location |
| 7 | **heed** |  |  | the obscurity or coldness of the cave |  |  |  |  | nom heed «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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