---
title: Whoever would reach this precious hoard must pass through several ca… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Whoever would reach this precious hoard must pass through several caves or grottos; each having its particular terror, and all under the guardianship of a ferocious dog, who has the key of all the gates, and watches day and night. Who acts: Whoever, precious hoard, each, ferocious dog. A sentence of
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/29/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/) / 29

# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 29

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whoever would reach this precious hoard must pass through several caves or grottos; each having its particular terror, and all under the guardianship of a ferocious dog, who has the key of all the gates, and watches day and night.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Whoever, precious hoard, each, ferocious dog · **What happens:** reach, pass, have, watch · **To what, where:** several caves, particular terror, guardianship, key

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whoever, precious hoard, each, ferocious dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:21:29
# text = Whoever would reach this precious hoard must pass through several caves or grottos; each having its particular terror, and all under the guardianship of a ferocious dog, who has the key of all the gates, and watches day and night.
1	Whoever	whoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hoard	hoard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	grottos	grotto	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	nsubj	_	_
16	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	det	_	_
23	under	under	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	guardianship	guardianship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	ferocious	ferocious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
32	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	38	det:predet	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
42	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | would | Whoever |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | must | this precious hoard |  |  | several caves or grottos |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through cave=Location |
| 3 | **have** | gerund | each | hoard's particular terror |  | all guardianship of a ferocious dog |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent terror=Patient |
| 4 | **have** | present | a ferocious dog | the key of all gates |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Patient |
| 5 | **watch** | present | Whoever *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/28/)
- next →: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/30/)
- ↑ back to [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/)