--- title: At length he arrived near to the place where he supposed the treasur… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: At length he arrived near to the place where he supposed the treasure lay hidden; but here, to his dismay, he beheld the floor of the cavern strown with human bones; doubtless the remains of adventurers like himself, who had been torn to pieces. Who acts: contest, treasure. A sentence of «Legends of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/) / 35 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 35 At length he arrived near to the place where he supposed the treasure lay hidden; but here, to his dismay, he beheld the floor of the cavern strown with human bones; doubtless the remains of adventurers like himself, who had been torn to pieces. **Who acts:** contest, treasure · **What happens:** arrive, suppose, lie, hide, behold, tear · **To what, where:** length, floor, doubtless remains · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (contest, treasure), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:21:35 # text = At length he arrived near to the place where he supposed the treasure lay hidden; but here, to his dismay, he beheld the floor of the cavern strown with human bones; doubtless the remains of adventurers like himself, who had been torn to pieces. 1 At at ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 length length NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 3 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 arrived arrive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 near near ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 11 advmod _ _ 10 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 supposed suppose VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 treasure treasure NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 ccomp _ _ 15 hidden hide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 but but CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 dismay dismay NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 beheld behold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 cavern cavern NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 strown strown NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 32 with with ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 36 doubtless doubtless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 remains remains NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 4 parataxis _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 adventurers adventurer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nmod _ _ 41 like like ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 40 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 44 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 47 nsubj:pass _ _ 45 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 46 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 47 aux:pass _ _ 47 torn tear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 acl _ _ 48 to to ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arrive** | past | contest | | | length | | to the place; the doubtless remains of adventurers like contest *parataxis*; near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **suppose** | past | contest | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **lie** | past | the treasure | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **hide** | participle | the treasure *not said here* | | | | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **behold** | past | contest | the floor of the cavern strown | | | | to contest's dismay; with human bones | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer floor=Stimulus | | 6 | **tear** | past · perfect · passive | | the doubtless remains of adventurers like contest | | | | to pieces *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient to piece=Result | | 7 | **dismay** | | contest | | | | | | nom dismay «feeling transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/34/) - next →: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/36/) - ↑ back to [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/)