---
title: Rambling about Toledo in the year 1826, in company with a small knot… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Rambling about Toledo in the year 1826, in company with a small knot of antiquity hunters, among whom was an eminent British painter[29], and an English nobleman[30], who has since distinguished himself in Spanish historical research, we directed our steps to the church of San Gines, and inquired fo
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 49

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Rambling about Toledo in the year 1826, in company with a small knot of antiquity hunters, among whom was an eminent British painter\[29\], and an English nobleman\[30\], who has since distinguished himself in Spanish historical research, we directed our steps to the church of San Gines, and inquired for the portal of the secret cavern.

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**Who acts:** we, our · **What happens:** ramble, be, distinguish, direct, inquire, step · **To what, where:** company, eminent British painter, English nobleman, Spanish historical research, steps

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:21:49
# text = Rambling about Toledo in the year 1826, in company with a small knot of antiquity hunters, among whom was an eminent British painter[29], and an English nobleman[30], who has since distinguished himself in Spanish historical research, we directed our steps to the church of San Gines, and inquired for the portal of the secret cavern.
1	Rambling	ramble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	49	advcl	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Toledo	Toledo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	1826	1826	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	knot	knot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	antiquity	antiquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	among	among	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	obl	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	eminent	eminent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	painter	painter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	29	29	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
31	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	nobleman	nobleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
39	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
40	since	since	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	distinguished	distinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
42	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	41	obj	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
45	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	research	research	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
48	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	directed	direct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
50	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	obj	_	_
52	to	to	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	San	San	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	_
57	Gines	Gine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	54	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	60	punct	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	inquired	inquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	49	conj	_	_
61	for	for	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
63	portal	portal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	60	obl	_	_
64	of	of	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
65	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
66	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	67	amod	_	_
67	cavern	cavern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	49	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ramble** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  | company with a small knot of antiquity hunters | year | about Toledo | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about toledo=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | a eminent British painter |  |  |  | among antiquity hunters; 29 *appos* | tree rules |
| 3 | **distinguish** | present · perfect · passive |  | a English nobleman |  | Spanish historical research |  | who *nsubj:pass*; Toledo *obj*; since *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **direct** | past | we | our steps |  |  |  | to the church of San Gines | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent step=Eventuality |
| 5 | **inquire** *speech: other* | participle | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the portal of the secret cavern | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **step** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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