--- title: He remembered to have heard, however, that immediately under the ent… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: He remembered to have heard, however, that immediately under the entrance to the church there was an arch of mason work, apparently the upper part of some subterranean portal; but that all had been covered up, and a pavement laid down thereon; so that whether it led to the magic cave or the necroman --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/51/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/) / 51 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 51 He remembered to have heard, however, that immediately under the entrance to the church there was an arch of mason work, apparently the upper part of some subterranean portal; but that all had been covered up, and a pavement laid down thereon; so that whether it led to the magic cave or the necromantic tower remains a mystery, and so must remain until some monarch or archbishop shall again have courage and authority to break the spell. **Who acts:** nobleman, pavement, monarch · **What happens:** remember, hear, cover up, lay down, lead, remain · **To what, where:** entrance, all, mystery, courage, spell This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nobleman, pavement, monarch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:21:51 # text = He remembered to have heard, however, that immediately under the entrance to the church there was an arch of mason work, apparently the upper part of some subterranean portal; but that all had been covered up, and a pavement laid down thereon; so that whether it led to the magic cave or the necromantic tower remains a mystery, and so must remain until some monarch or archbishop shall again have courage and authority to break the spell. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 remembered remember VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 4 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 5 aux _ _ 5 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 however however ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 9 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 13 nsubj _ _ 10 immediately immediately ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 11 under under ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 entrance entrance NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 church church NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 18 expl _ _ 18 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 19 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 arch arch NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 mason mason NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 apparently apparently ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 appos _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 32 det _ _ 31 subterranean subterranean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 portal portal NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 33 ; ; PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 34 but but CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 35 that that SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 36 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 39 nsubj:pass _ _ 37 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 38 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 39 aux:pass _ _ 39 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 40 up up ADP RP _ 39 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 43 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 pavement pavement NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 45 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 46 down down ADP RP _ 45 compound:prt _ _ 47 thereon thereon ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 48 ; ; PUNCT , _ 62 punct _ _ 49 so so SCONJ IN _ 62 mark _ _ 50 that that SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 51 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 52 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 53 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 62 advcl _ _ 54 to to ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 56 magic magic NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 compound _ _ 57 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obl _ _ 58 or or CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 60 necromantic necromantic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 61 amod _ _ 61 tower tower NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 conj _ _ 62 remains remain VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 63 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 64 det _ _ 64 mystery mystery NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 65 , , PUNCT , _ 69 punct _ _ 66 and and CCONJ CC _ 69 cc _ _ 67 so so ADV RB _ 69 advmod _ _ 68 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 69 aux _ _ 69 remain remain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 62 conj _ _ 70 until until SCONJ IN _ 77 mark _ _ 71 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 72 det _ _ 72 monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 77 nsubj _ _ 73 or or CCONJ CC _ 74 cc _ _ 74 archbishop archbishop NOUN NN Number=Sing 72 conj _ _ 75 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 77 aux _ _ 76 again again ADV RB _ 77 advmod _ _ 77 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 69 advcl _ _ 78 courage courage NOUN NN Number=Sing 77 obj _ _ 79 and and CCONJ CC _ 80 cc _ _ 80 authority authority NOUN NN Number=Sing 78 conj _ _ 81 to to PART TO _ 82 mark _ _ 82 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 78 acl _ _ 83 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 84 det _ _ 84 spell spell NOUN NN Number=Sing 82 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 85 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **remember** | past | nobleman | | | the entrance that to the church | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive · perfect | nobleman *not said here* | | | | | however *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **cover up** | past · perfect · passive | | all | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | | 4 | **lay down** | participle | a pavement | | | | | thereon *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **lead** | past | pavement | | | | | to the magic cave or the necromantic tower | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to cave=Patient | | 6 | **remain** | present | | a mystery | | | | | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mystery=Attribute | | 7 | **remain** | must | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **have** | shall | some monarch or archbishop | courage and authority | | | again | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Patient | | 9 | **break** | to-infinitive | some monarch or archbishop *not said here* | the spell | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spell=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/50/) - next →: [sentence 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/52/) - ↑ back to [The Cave of Hercules.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/)