---
title: Thus the roads were covered with scattered flocks and herds, and wit… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus the roads were covered with scattered flocks and herds, and with spoil of all kind. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter I., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter I., sentence 6

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Thus the roads were covered with scattered flocks and herds, and with spoil of all kind.

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**What happens:** cover, spoil · **To what, where:** roads, kind

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter I.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:22:6
# text = Thus the roads were covered with scattered flocks and herds, and with spoil of all kind.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	scattered	scatter	ADJ	VBN	_	8	amod	_	_
8	flocks	flock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	herds	herd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the roads |  |  |  | with scattered flocks and herds; spoil of all kind *conj*; thus *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with flock=Theme |
| 2 | **spoil** |  |  | all kind |  |  |  |  | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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