---
title: The inhabitants fled with affright on hearing the Moorish trumpets,… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The inhabitants fled with affright on hearing the Moorish trumpets, or beholding the approach of the turbaned horsemen, and plunged deeper into the recesses of their mountains. Who acts: inhabitants, turbaned horsemen. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 25

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The inhabitants fled with affright on hearing the Moorish trumpets, or beholding the approach of the turbaned horsemen, and plunged deeper into the recesses of their mountains.

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**Who acts:** inhabitants, turbaned horsemen · **What happens:** flee, hear, behold, plunge, approach, recess · **To what, where:** Moorish trumpets, approach, recesses, mountains

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants, turbaned horsemen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:23:25
# text = The inhabitants fled with affright on hearing the Moorish trumpets, or beholding the approach of the turbaned horsemen, and plunged deeper into the recesses of their mountains.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	affright	affright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Moorish	moorish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	trumpets	trumpet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	beholding	behold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	approach	approach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	turbaned	turbaned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	plunged	plunge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	deeper	deep	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	22	advmod	_	_
24	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	recesses	recess	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | the inhabitants |  |  |  |  | with affright | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** | gerund | the inhabitants *not said here* | the Moorish trumpets |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer trumpet=Stimulus |
| 3 | **behold** | gerund | the inhabitants *not said here* | the approach of the turbaned horsemen |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer approach=Stimulus |
| 4 | **plunge** | past | the inhabitants *not said here* |  |  | the recesses of inhabitants's mountains |  | deep *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into recess=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **approach** |  | the turbaned horsemen |  |  |  |  |  | nom approach «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 6 | **recess** |  |  | inhabitants's mountains |  |  |  |  | nom recess «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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