--- title: The Saracen army entered fearlessly into the pass; a part had alread… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: The Saracen army entered fearlessly into the pass; a part had already crossed the bridge, and was slowly toiling up the rugged road on the opposite side, when great shouts arose, and every cliff appeared suddenly peopled with furious foes. Who acts: Saracen army. A sentence of «Legends of the conque --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/) / 34 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 34 The Saracen army entered fearlessly into the pass; a part had already crossed the bridge, and was slowly toiling up the rugged road on the opposite side, when great shouts arose, and every cliff appeared suddenly peopled with furious foes. **Who acts:** Saracen army · **What happens:** enter, cross, toil up, shout, arise, people · **To what, where:** pass, part, rugged road, opposite side, cliff · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saracen army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:23:34 # text = The Saracen army entered fearlessly into the pass; a part had already crossed the bridge, and was slowly toiling up the rugged road on the opposite side, when great shouts arose, and every cliff appeared suddenly peopled with furious foes. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Saracen Saracen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 entered enter VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 fearlessly fearlessly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 into into ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 pass pass NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 12 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 already already ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 crossed cross VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 20 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 toiling toil VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 22 up up ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 rugged rugged ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 26 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 opposite opposite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 when when SCONJ WRB _ 33 mark _ _ 32 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 shouts shout VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 parataxis _ _ 34 arose arise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 37 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 38 det _ _ 38 cliff cliff NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 appeared appear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 peopled people VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 furious furious ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 foes foe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **enter** | past | the Saracen army | | | the pass | | fearlessly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into pass=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **cross** | past · perfect · passive | | a part | | | | the bridge *obj* | tree rules | | 3 | **toil up** | past · progressive | the Saracen army *not said here* | the rugged road | | the opposite side | | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location road=Theme | | 4 | **shout** *speech: express* | present | | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **arise** | past | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **people** | past · passive | | every cliff | | | | with furious foes; suddenly *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/33/) - next →: [sentence 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/35/) - ↑ back to [Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/)