---
title: We have named the wretch who betrayed his native mountains: let us e… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: We have named the wretch who betrayed his native mountains: let us equally record the name of him whose pious patriotism saved them from desolation. Who acts: wretch, name. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountai
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 49

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We have named the wretch who betrayed his native mountains: let us equally record the name of him whose pious patriotism saved them from desolation.

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**Who acts:** wretch, name · **What happens:** name, betray, let, record, save · **To what, where:** We, native mountains, us, mountains, desolation, wretch

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wretch, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:23:49
# text = We have named the wretch who betrayed his native mountains: let us equally record the name of him whose pious patriotism saved them from desolation.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	betrayed	betray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	record	record	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	_
20	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	pious	pious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	patriotism	patriotism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	saved	save	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | present · perfect · passive |  | We |  |  |  | the wretch *xcomp* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **betray** | past | the wretch | wretch's native mountains |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 4 | **record** | present |  |  |  |  |  | equally *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **save** | past | the name of wretch | mountains *= mountain* |  | desolation |  | pious patriotism *nsubj* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent they=Theme from desolation=Source |
| 6 | **name** |  |  | wretch |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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