---
title: The inhabitants of that ancient place had beheld the great army of D… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The inhabitants of that ancient place had beheld the great army of Don Roderick spreading like an inundation over the plain of the Guadalquivir, and had felt confident that it must sweep the infidel invaders from the land. Who acts: inhabitants, great army, army. A sentence of «Legends of the conque
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes., sentence 2

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The inhabitants of that ancient place had beheld the great army of Don Roderick spreading like an inundation over the plain of the Guadalquivir, and had felt confident that it must sweep the infidel invaders from the land.

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**Who acts:** inhabitants, great army, army · **What happens:** behold, spread, feel, sweep · **To what, where:** great army, plain, infidel invaders, land

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants, great army, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:24:2
# text = The inhabitants of that ancient place had beheld the great army of Don Roderick spreading like an inundation over the plain of the Guadalquivir, and had felt confident that it must sweep the infidel invaders from the land.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	beheld	behold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Don	Don	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	Roderick	Roderick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	inundation	inundation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Guadalquivir	Guadalquivir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	felt	feel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
29	confident	confident	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	xcomp	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	sweep	sweep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	advcl	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	infidel	infidel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	invaders	invader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
37	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | past · perfect | the inhabitants of that ancient place | the great army of Don |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer army=Stimulus |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund | the great army of Don *not said here* |  |  | the plain of the Guadalquivir |  | like a inundation | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over plain=Location |
| 3 | **feel** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | confident *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **sweep** | must | army | the infidel invaders |  | the land |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent invader=Theme from land=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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