---
title: The enemy drew near, and proved to be no other than Magued the reneg… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The enemy drew near, and proved to be no other than Magued the renegado general, who had perceived him as he issued forth from the city, and had followed singly in pursuit. Who acts: enemy. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Defence of the Convent of St. George By
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Defence of the Convent of St. George By Pelistes., sentence 37

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The enemy drew near, and proved to be no other than Magued the renegado general, who had perceived him as he issued forth from the city, and had followed singly in pursuit.

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**Who acts:** enemy · **What happens:** draw, prove, be, perceive, issue, follow · **To what, where:** renegado, city, pursuit

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Defence of the Convent of St. George By Pelistes.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:25:37
# text = The enemy drew near, and proved to be no other than Magued the renegado general, who had perceived him as he issued forth from the city, and had followed singly in pursuit.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	near	near	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Magued	Magued	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	renegado	renegado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
25	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
33	singly	singly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | the enemy |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **prove** | past | the enemy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive | the enemy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | than Magued; other *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **perceive** | past · perfect · passive |  | the renegado |  |  |  | enemy *obj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **issue** | past | enemy |  |  | the city |  | forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **follow** | past · perfect | the enemy *not said here* |  |  | pursuit |  | singly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in pursuit=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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