---
title: When the banquet was nearly at a close, the discourse turned upon th… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: When the banquet was nearly at a close, the discourse turned upon the events of the war; and the Moslem chieftains, in great courtesy, dwelt upon the merits of many of the Christian cavaliers who had fallen in battle, and all extolled the valour of those who had recently perished in the defence of t
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian., sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the banquet was nearly at a close, the discourse turned upon the events of the war; and the Moslem chieftains, in great courtesy, dwelt upon the merits of many of the Christian cavaliers who had fallen in battle, and all extolled the valour of those who had recently perished in the defence of the convent.

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**Who acts:** banquet, discourse, Moslem chieftains, many Christian cavaliers · **What happens:** be, turn, dwell, fall, extol, perish · **To what, where:** events, merits, battle, valour, defence, convent

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banquet, discourse, Moslem chieftains, many Christian cavaliers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:26:7
# text = When the banquet was nearly at a close, the discourse turned upon the events of the war; and the Moslem chieftains, in great courtesy, dwelt upon the merits of many of the Christian cavaliers who had fallen in battle, and all extolled the valour of those who had recently perished in the defence of the convent.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	banquet	banquet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	discourse	discourse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	Moslem	Moslem	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	chieftains	chieftain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
29	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	merits	merit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
34	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	cavaliers	cavalier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
39	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	41	nsubj	_	_
40	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	38	acl:relcl	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	47	advmod	_	_
47	extolled	extol	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	49	nmod	_	_
52	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	55	nsubj:pass	_	_
53	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	55	aux	_	_
54	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	55	advmod	_	_
55	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	51	acl:relcl	_	_
56	in	in	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	obl	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	convent	convent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the banquet |  |  |  |  | close, nearly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | past | the discourse |  |  | the events of the war |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme upon event=Trajectory |
| 3 | **dwell** | past | the Moslem chieftains and great courtesy |  |  | the merits of the many Christian cavaliers |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon merit=Location |
| 4 | **fall** | past · perfect | the many Christian cavaliers |  |  | battle |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in battle=Location |
| 5 | **extol** | past | the Moslem chieftains and great courtesy *not said here* | the valour of those |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valour=Theme |
| 6 | **perish** | past · perfect · passive |  |  |  | the defence of the convent |  | who *nsubj:pass*; recently *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **defend** |  |  | the convent |  |  |  |  | nom defence «process transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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