---
title: Thus the valiant little city of Carmona, after nobly resisting the o… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus the valiant little city of Carmona, after nobly resisting the open assaults of the infidels, fell a victim to the treachery of apostate Christians. Who acts: valiant little city. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona., sentence 38

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Thus the valiant little city of Carmona, after nobly resisting the open assaults of the infidels, fell a victim to the treachery of apostate Christians.

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**Who acts:** valiant little city · **What happens:** resist, fall, assault · **To what, where:** open assaults, victim, infidels

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (valiant little city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:28:38
# text = Thus the valiant little city of Carmona, after nobly resisting the open assaults of the infidels, fell a victim to the treachery of apostate Christians.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Carmona	Carmona	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	nobly	nobly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	resisting	resist	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	assaults	assault	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	infidels	infidel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
19	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	victim	victim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	treachery	treachery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	apostate	apostate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resist** | gerund | the valiant little city of Carmona *not said here* | the open assaults of the infidels |  |  |  | nobly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | past | the valiant little city of Carmona | a victim |  |  |  | to the treachery of apostate *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient victim=Extent to treachery=Result |
| 3 | **assault** |  |  | the infidels |  |  |  |  | nom assault «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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