---
title: Suddenly sallying from one of the gates, they rushed in a compact bo… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Suddenly sallying from one of the gates, they rushed in a compact body upon the camp of the Saracens, which was negligently guarded; for the Moslems expected no such act of desperation. Who acts: gates, Moslems, desperation. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville., sentence 13

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Suddenly sallying from one of the gates, they rushed in a compact body upon the camp of the Saracens, which was negligently guarded; for the Moslems expected no such act of desperation.

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**Who acts:** gates, Moslems, desperation · **What happens:** sally, rush, guard, expect, act · **To what, where:** compact body, Saracens, such act

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gates, Moslems, desperation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:29:13
# text = Suddenly sallying from one of the gates, they rushed in a compact body upon the camp of the Saracens, which was negligently guarded; for the Moslems expected no such act of desperation.
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	sallying	sally	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	compact	compact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Saracens	Saracen	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
24	negligently	negligently	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Moslems	Moslem	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
30	expected	expect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
31	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	33	det	_	_
32	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	desperation	desperation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sally** | gerund | gates *= gate* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from one of the gates; suddenly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rush** | past | gates *= gate* |  |  | a compact body upon the camp of the Saracens |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in body=Trajectory |
| 3 | **guard** | past · passive |  | the Saracens |  |  |  | negligently *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **expect** | past | the Moslems | no such act of desperation |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Theme |
| 5 | **act** |  | desperation |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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