---
title: The camp was a scene of great carnage and confusion; many were slain… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The camp was a scene of great carnage and confusion; many were slain on both sides; the two valiant leaders of the Christians fell covered with wounds, but the main body succeeded in forcing their way through the centre of the army, and in making their retreat to Beja in Lusitania. Who acts: camp, m
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville., sentence 14

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The camp was a scene of great carnage and confusion; many were slain on both sides; the two valiant leaders of the Christians fell covered with wounds, but the main body succeeded in forcing their way through the centre of the army, and in making their retreat to Beja in Lusitania.

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**Who acts:** camp, main body · **What happens:** be, slay, cover, succeed, force, make · **To what, where:** scene, many, sides, way, centre, retreat

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (camp, main body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:29:14
# text = The camp was a scene of great carnage and confusion; many were slain on both sides; the two valiant leaders of the Christians fell covered with wounds, but the main body succeeded in forcing their way through the centre of the army, and in making their retreat to Beja in Lusitania.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	carnage	carnage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
21	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	wounds	wound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	succeeded	succeed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
36	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
37	forcing	force	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	35	advcl	_	_
38	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	through	through	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
48	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
49	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	35	advcl	_	_
50	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	retreat	retreat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	_
52	to	to	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	Beja	Beja	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	Lusitania	Lusitania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the camp | a scene |  |  |  | of great carnage and confusion | tree rules |
| 2 | **slay** | past · passive |  | many |  | both sides |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **cover** | past · passive |  | a scene |  |  |  | with wounds; the two valiant leaders of the Christians *nsubj:pass* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with wound=Theme |
| 4 | **succeed** | past | the main body |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **force** | gerund | the main body *not said here* | leaders's way |  | the centre of the army |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Recipient |
| 6 | **make** | gerund | the main body *not said here* | leaders's retreat | Beja | Lusitania |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset retreat=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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