---
title: A number of ancient and venerable men presented themselves at his te… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: A number of ancient and venerable men presented themselves at his tent, offering submission and imploring mercy; for none were left in the place but the old, the infirm, and the miserable. Who acts: number. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Marches Against t
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville., sentence 17

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A number of ancient and venerable men presented themselves at his tent, offering submission and imploring mercy; for none were left in the place but the old, the infirm, and the miserable.

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**Who acts:** number · **What happens:** present, offer, implore, leave · **To what, where:** men, tent, submission, mercy, place

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Marches Against the City of Seville.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (number), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:29:17
# text = A number of ancient and venerable men presented themselves at his tent, offering submission and imploring mercy; for none were left in the place but the old, the infirm, and the miserable.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	venerable	venerable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	presented	present	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	submission	submission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	imploring	implore	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
18	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	23	obl	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	infirm	infirm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | past | a number | men *= man* |  | Muza's tent |  | ancient men *nsubj* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 2 | **offer** | gerund | a number *not said here* | submission |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent submission=Theme |
| 3 | **implore** | gerund | a number *not said here* | mercy |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mercy=Recipient |
| 4 | **leave** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | in the place *result*; for none | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: in place=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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