---
title: They took refuge in the Spanish dominions in Africa, where they were… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: They took refuge in the Spanish dominions in Africa, where they were received and harboured by Requila, governor of Tangier, out of gratitude for favours which he had received from their late father. Who acts: Evan. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Rise of D
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Rise of Don Roderick.—his Government., sentence 26

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They took refuge in the Spanish dominions in Africa, where they were received and harboured by Requila, governor of Tangier, out of gratitude for favours which he had received from their late father.

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**Who acts:** Evan · **What happens:** take, receive, harbour · **To what, where:** refuge, Spanish dominions, Evan, gratitude

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Rise of Don Roderick.—his Government.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Evan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:3:26
# text = They took refuge in the Spanish dominions in Africa, where they were received and harboured by Requila, governor of Tangier, out of gratitude for favours which he had received from their late father.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dominions	dominion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	harboured	harbour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Requila	Requila	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	governor	governor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Tangier	Tangier	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	out	out	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	favours	favour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
29	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl:relcl	_	_
33	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
35	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Evan | refuge |  | the Spanish dominions in Africa |  | governor of Tangier *obl*; gratitude for favours *parataxis* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent refuge=Value in dominion=Location |
| 2 | **receive** | past · passive |  | Evan |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **harbour** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by Requila | tree rules |
| 4 | **receive** | past · perfect · passive |  | gratitude for favours |  |  |  | from Evan's late father; Roderick *nsubj* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from father=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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