---
title: The governor suspected from this cessation of active warfare, that t… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The governor suspected from this cessation of active warfare, that the enemy flattered themselves to reduce the place by famine; he caused, therefore, large baskets of bread to be thrown from the wall, and sent a messenger to Muza to inform him that if his army should be in want of bread, he would s
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 43

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The governor suspected from this cessation of active warfare, that the enemy flattered themselves to reduce the place by famine; he caused, therefore, large baskets of bread to be thrown from the wall, and sent a messenger to Muza to inform him that if his army should be in want of bread, he would supply it, having sufficient corn in his granaries for a ten years’ siege.

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**Who acts:** governor, enemy, army, Muza · **What happens:** suspect, flatter, reduce, cause, throw, send · **To what, where:** cessation, governor, place, large baskets, wall, messenger

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (governor, enemy, army, Muza), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:30:43
# text = The governor suspected from this cessation of active warfare, that the enemy flattered themselves to reduce the place by famine; he caused, therefore, large baskets of bread to be thrown from the wall, and sent a messenger to Muza to inform him that if his army should be in want of bread, he would supply it, having sufficient corn in his granaries for a ten years’ siege.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	governor	governor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	suspected	suspect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	cessation	cessation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	flattered	flatter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	famine	famine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
28	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	baskets	basket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
33	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	acl	_	_
35	from	from	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
43	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	Muza	Muza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
45	to	to	PART	TO	_	46	mark	_	_
46	inform	inform	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	advcl	_	_
47	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	46	obj	_	_
48	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	61	mark	_	_
49	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	55	mark	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nsubj	_	_
52	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	55	aux	_	_
53	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	55	cop	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	want	want	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	advcl	_	_
56	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
59	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	61	nsubj	_	_
60	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	61	aux	_	_
61	supply	supply	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	advcl	_	_
62	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	61	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
64	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	61	advcl	_	_
65	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	66	amod	_	_
66	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	obj	_	_
67	in	in	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
68	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	69	nmod:poss	_	_
69	granaries	granary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	64	obl	_	_
70	for	for	ADP	IN	_	75	case	_	_
71	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	73	det	_	_
72	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	73	nummod	_	_
73	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	75	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	’	's	PART	POS	_	73	case	_	_
75	siege	siege	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suspect** | participle | the governor |  |  | this cessation of active warfare |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flatter** | past | the enemy | governor |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus themselves=Experiencer |
| 3 | **reduce** | to-infinitive | the enemy *not said here* | the place |  |  |  | by famine | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer place=Patient |
| 4 | **cause** | past | enemy | large baskets of bread |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 5 | **throw** | to-infinitive · passive | enemy *not said here* |  |  | the wall |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: from wall=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **send** | past | enemy *not said here* | a messenger | Muza |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme to muza=Destination |
| 7 | **inform** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | enemy *not said here* |  | Muza |  |  |  | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 8 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | should | Muza's army |  |  | want |  | of bread | tree rules |
| 9 | **supply** | would | Muza | place |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
| 10 | **have** | gerund | Muza *not said here* | sufficient corn |  | Muza's granaries for a ten years's siege |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corn=Patient |
| 11 | **cease** |  |  | active warfare |  |  |  |  | nom cessation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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