---
title: Immediately after his arrival, a grand assault was made upon the cit… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Immediately after his arrival, a grand assault was made upon the city; and several of the huge battering engines being finished, they were wheeled up, and began to thunder against the walls. Who acts: Abdalasis. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 55

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Immediately after his arrival, a grand assault was made upon the city; and several of the huge battering engines being finished, they were wheeled up, and began to thunder against the walls.

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**Who acts:** Abdalasis · **What happens:** make, finish, wheel up, begin, arrive · **To what, where:** arrival, several, engines, thunder

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abdalasis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:30:55
# text = Immediately after his arrival, a grand assault was made upon the city; and several of the huge battering engines being finished, they were wheeled up, and began to thunder against the walls.
1	Immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	after	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	arrival	arrival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	assault	assault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
16	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	battering	battering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
22	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	wheeled	wheel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	against	against	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | Abdalasis's arrival |  |  |  | upon the city; a grand assault *nsubj:pass* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **finish** | gerund · passive |  | several |  |  |  | of the huge battering engines | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **wheel up** | past · passive |  | engines *= engine* |  |  |  |  | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **begin** | past |  | thunder |  |  |  | against the walls | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thunder=Eventuality |
| 5 | **arrive** |  | Abdalasis |  |  |  |  |  | nom arrival «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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