---
title: This done, he laid waste the surrounding country to a great extent,… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: This done, he laid waste the surrounding country to a great extent, so that a besieging army would have to encamp in a desert. Who acts: Hearing, besieging army. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 8

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This done, he laid waste the surrounding country to a great extent, so that a besieging army would have to encamp in a desert.

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**Who acts:** Hearing, besieging army · **What happens:** do, lay, waste, besiege, have, encamp · **To what, where:** This, surrounding country, desert

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hearing, besieging army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:30:8
# text = This done, he laid waste the surrounding country to a great extent, so that a besieging army would have to encamp in a desert.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	waste	waste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	surrounding	surrounding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	21	mark	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	besieging	besiege	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	amod	_	_
19	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	encamp	encamp	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | participle · passive |  | This |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lay** | past | Hearing |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **waste** | infinitive | Hearing *not said here* | the surrounding country |  |  |  | to a great extent | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Patient |
| 4 | **besiege** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | would | a besieging army |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **encamp** | to-infinitive | a besieging army *not said here* |  |  | a desert |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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