---
title: [45] Certain of the Christian inhabitants threw open the gates and a… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: [45] Certain of the Christian inhabitants threw open the gates and admitted them. Who acts: Christian inhabitants. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 15

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\[45\] Certain of the Christian inhabitants threw open the gates and admitted them.

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**Who acts:** Christian inhabitants · **What happens:** throw, open, admit · **To what, where:** 45, gates

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christian inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:31:15
# text = [45] Certain of the Christian inhabitants threw open the gates and admitted them.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Certain	Certain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:unmarked	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	admitted	admit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | the Christian inhabitants | 45  Certain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | infinitive | the Christian inhabitants *not said here* | the gates |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location gate=Theme |
| 3 | **admit** *speech: other* | past | the Christian inhabitants *not said here* | gates *= gate* |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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