---
title: “Here,” said he, “a simple goatherd, who can hurl down rocks and sto… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “Here,” said he, “a simple goatherd, who can hurl down rocks and stones, is as good as a warrior armed in proof.” Who acts: Theodomir, simple goatherd. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, with its d
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 39

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“Here,” said he, “a simple goatherd, who can hurl down rocks and stones, is as good as a warrior armed in proof.”

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**Who acts:** Theodomir, simple goatherd · **What happens:** say, hurl down, be, arm · **To what, where:** rocks, warrior, proof · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir, simple goatherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:31:39
# text = “Here,” said he, “a simple goatherd, who can hurl down rocks and stones, is as good as a warrior armed in proof.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	hurl	hurl	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	down	down	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	as	as	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	_
24	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	armed	arm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Theodomir |  |  | here |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hurl down** *in a quote* | can | a simple goatherd | rocks and stones |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | a simple goatherd |  |  |  |  | as a warrior; good *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **arm** *in a quote* | participle |  | a warrior *not said here* |  | proof |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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