---
title: “Father,” replied the youngest, “I have not a doubt that I am honest… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “Father,” replied the youngest, “I have not a doubt that I am honestly and thoroughly your son, and as such I honour you; but I owe duty likewise to my mother, and when I sallied to the war she gave me her blessing as long as I should act with valour, but her curse should I prove craven and fly the 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 56

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“Father,” replied the youngest, “I have not a doubt that I am honestly and thoroughly your son, and as such I honour you; but I owe duty likewise to my mother, and when I sallied to the war she gave me her blessing as long as I should act with valour, but her curse should I prove craven and fly the field.

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**Who acts:** Father, safety, curse · **What happens:** reply, have, be, honour, owe, sally · **To what, where:** youngest, doubt, you, duty, mother, blessing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Father, safety, curse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:31:56
# text = “Father,” replied the youngest, “I have not a doubt that I am honestly and thoroughly your son, and as such I honour you; but I owe duty likewise to my mother, and when I sallied to the war she gave me her blessing as long as I should act with valour, but her curse should I prove craven and fly the field.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Father	Father	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	doubt	doubt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	honestly	honestly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	obl	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	honour	honour	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
34	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	likewise	likewise	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
41	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	43	advmod	_	_
42	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	sallied	sally	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	advcl	_	_
44	to	to	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
47	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
48	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
49	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	48	iobj	_	_
50	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	_
52	as	as	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
53	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	48	advmod	_	_
54	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	57	mark	_	_
55	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	57	nsubj	_	_
56	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	57	aux	_	_
57	act	act	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	advcl	_	_
58	with	with	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	66	punct	_	_
61	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	66	cc	_	_
62	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	63	nmod:poss	_	_
63	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	66	nsubj	_	_
64	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	66	aux	_	_
65	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	66	nsubj	_	_
66	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	advcl	_	_
67	craven	craven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	66	obj	_	_
68	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	69	cc	_	_
69	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	66	conj	_	_
70	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	71	det	_	_
71	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
72	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | Father | the youngest |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Father | a doubt |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doubt=Patient |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Father |  |  |  |  | your son *conj*; honestly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **honour** *in a quote* | present | Father | you |  |  |  | as such | tree rules |
| 5 | **owe** *in a quote* | present | Father | duty | my mother |  |  | likewise *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent duty=Theme to mother=Goal |
| 6 | **sally** *in a quote* | past | Father |  |  |  |  | to the war | tree rules |
| 7 | **give** *in a quote* | past | safety | safety's blessing | Father |  |  | long *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient blessing=Theme |
| 8 | **act** *in a quote* | should | Father |  |  |  |  | with valour | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **prove** *in a quote* | should | safety's curse | craven |  |  |  | I *nsubj* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent craven=Theme |
| 10 | **fly** *in a quote* | infinitive | safety's curse *not said here* | the field |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location field=Theme |
| 11 | **bless** *in a quote* |  | safety |  |  |  |  |  | nom blessing «act transitive»: poss=agent |
| 12 | **curse** *in a quote* |  | safety |  |  |  |  |  | nom curse «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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