---
title: Ordering the gates to be barred and bolted, he prepared to receive t… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Ordering the gates to be barred and bolted, he prepared to receive the enemy. Who acts: Theodomir. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”, sentence 72

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Ordering the gates to be barred and bolted, he prepared to receive the enemy.

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**Who acts:** Theodomir · **What happens:** order, bar, bolt, prepare, receive · **To what, where:** gates, enemy

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Abdalasis Against Seville and the “land of Tadmir.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Theodomir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:31:72
# text = Ordering the gates to be barred and bolted, he prepared to receive the enemy.
1	Ordering	order	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	barred	bar	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	bolted	bolt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	receive	receive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** | gerund | Theodomir *not said here* | the gates |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Theme |
| 2 | **bar** | to-infinitive · passive | Theodomir *not said here* | the gates *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING» |
| 3 | **bolt** | participle | Theodomir *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **prepare** | past | Theodomir |  |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute |
| 5 | **receive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Theodomir *not said here* | the enemy |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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