---
title: Strict orders were again issued, prohibiting, on pain of death, all… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Strict orders were again issued, prohibiting, on pain of death, all plunder excepting the camp of an enemy, or cities given up to pillage. Who acts: plunder. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XII., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XII., sentence 8

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Strict orders were again issued, prohibiting, on pain of death, all plunder excepting the camp of an enemy, or cities given up to pillage.

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**Who acts:** plunder · **What happens:** issue, prohibit, except, give up, pain · **To what, where:** Strict orders, pain, camp, cities, pillage, death

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plunder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:33:8
# text = Strict orders were again issued, prohibiting, on pain of death, all plunder excepting the camp of an enemy, or cities given up to pillage.
1	Strict	strict	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	prohibiting	prohibit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	plunder	plunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
16	excepting	except	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
25	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	_
26	up	up	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	pillage	pillage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past · passive |  | Strict orders |  |  | again | cities *obl* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **prohibit** | gerund |  | pain of death and all plunder |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer pain=Theme |
| 3 | **except** | gerund | all plunder *not said here* | the camp of a enemy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **give up** | participle |  | cities *not said here* | pillage |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to pillage=Recipient |
| 5 | **pain** |  |  | death |  |  |  |  | nom pain «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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