--- title: He knew the importance, where complaints were to be heard, of being… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: He knew the importance, where complaints were to be heard, of being first in presence of the judge; beside, he was ever ready to march at a moment’s warning, and had nothing to impede him in his movements. Who acts: Cadiz, moment. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Chapter XIII.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/) / 30 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIII., sentence 30 He knew the importance, where complaints were to be heard, of being first in presence of the judge; beside, he was ever ready to march at a moment’s warning, and had nothing to impede him in his movements. **Who acts:** Cadiz, moment · **What happens:** know, hear, be, march, have, impede · **To what, where:** importance, complaints, warning, nothing, Cadiz, movements This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cadiz, moment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:34:30 # text = He knew the importance, where complaints were to be heard, of being first in presence of the judge; beside, he was ever ready to march at a moment’s warning, and had nothing to impede him in his movements. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 importance importance NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 6 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 11 advmod _ _ 7 complaints complaint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 10 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 11 aux:pass _ _ 11 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 cop _ _ 15 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 17 advmod _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 judge judge NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 beside beside ADP IN _ 27 mark _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 26 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 27 advmod _ _ 27 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 march march VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 xcomp _ _ 30 at at ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 33 ’s 's PART POS _ 32 case _ _ 34 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 38 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 37 obj _ _ 39 to to PART TO _ 40 mark _ _ 40 impede impede VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 acl _ _ 41 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 movements movement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | past | Cadiz | the importance | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer importance=Stimulus | | 2 | **hear** | past · passive | Cadiz *not said here* | complaints | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | | 3 | **is** | gerund | Cadiz *not said here* | | | | | of presence; of the judge; first *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **is** | past | Cadiz | | | | ever | ready *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **march** | to-infinitive | Cadiz *not said here* | | | a moment's warning | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at warning=Trajectory | | 6 | **have** | past | | nothing | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | | 7 | **impede** | to-infinitive | | Cadiz | | Cadiz's movements | | | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Eventuality | | 8 | **warn** | | a moment | | | | | | nom warning «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 9 | **move** | | Cadiz | | | | | | nom movement «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/29/) - next →: [sentence 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/31/) - ↑ back to [Chapter XIII.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/)