---
title: All now took courage when they found he was out of favour, and they… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: All now took courage when they found he was out of favour, and they heaped slanders on his head; charging him with embezzling much of the share of the booty belonging to the sovereign. Who acts: enemies, MUZA, booty. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 33

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All now took courage when they found he was out of favour, and they heaped slanders on his head; charging him with embezzling much of the share of the booty belonging to the sovereign.

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**Who acts:** enemies, MUZA, booty · **What happens:** take, find, be, heap, charge, embezzle · **To what, where:** courage, favour, slanders, head, MUZA, much · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enemies, MUZA, booty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:35:33
# text = All now took courage when they found he was out of favour, and they heaped slanders on his head; charging him with embezzling much of the share of the booty belonging to the sovereign.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	heaped	heap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	slanders	slander	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
22	charging	charge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	embezzling	embezzle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
26	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	share	share	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	booty	booty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	acl	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	sovereign	sovereign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past |  | courage |  |  | now |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | past | enemies *= enemy* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | MUZA |  |  | favour |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **heap** | past | enemies *= enemy* | slanders |  | MUZA's head |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent slander=Theme on head=Destination |
| 5 | **charge** | gerund |  | MUZA |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location he=Theme |
| 6 | **embezzle** | gerund |  | much of the share of the booty |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme |
| 7 | **belong** | gerund | the booty *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the sovereign | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **share** |  |  | the booty |  |  |  |  | nom share «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ← previous: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/35/32/)
- next →: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/35/34/)
- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/35/)