---
title: The new caliph lent a willing ear to the accusation, and commanded h… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The new caliph lent a willing ear to the accusation, and commanded him to render up all that he had pillaged from Spain. Who acts: new caliph, CALIPH. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 34

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The new caliph lent a willing ear to the accusation, and commanded him to render up all that he had pillaged from Spain.

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**Who acts:** new caliph, CALIPH · **What happens:** lend, command, render up, pillage · **To what, where:** willing ear, accusation, CALIPH, Spain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new caliph, CALIPH), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:35:34
# text = The new caliph lent a willing ear to the accusation, and commanded him to render up all that he had pillaged from Spain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	caliph	caliph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lent	lend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	willing	willing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	accusation	accusation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	pillaged	pillage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lend** | past | the new caliph | a willing ear | the accusation |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ear=Theme to accusation=Recipient |
| 2 | **command** | past | the new caliph *not said here* | CALIPH |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **render up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the new caliph *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pillage** | past · perfect | CALIPH |  |  | Spain |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter XIV.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/35/)