---
title: [52] From hence, he sent his generals to overrun all those vast and… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: [52] From hence, he sent his generals to overrun all those vast and rugged sierras, which rise like ramparts along the ocean borders of the peninsula; and they carried the standard of Islam in triumph even to the mountains of Biscay, collecting all manner of precious spoil. Who acts: Abdalasis, vast
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain., sentence 26

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\[52\] From hence, he sent his generals to overrun all those vast and rugged sierras, which rise like ramparts along the ocean borders of the peninsula; and they carried the standard of Islam in triumph even to the mountains of Biscay, collecting all manner of precious spoil.

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**Who acts:** Abdalasis, vast sierras, sierras · **What happens:** send, overrun, rise, carry, collect · **To what, where:** 52, vast sierras, ocean borders, standard, triumph, manner

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abdalasis, vast sierras, sierras), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:36:26
# text = [52] From hence, he sent his generals to overrun all those vast and rugged sierras, which rise like ramparts along the ocean borders of the peninsula; and they carried the standard of Islam in triumph even to the mountains of Biscay, collecting all manner of precious spoil.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	52	52	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	From	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	hence	hence	ADV	RB	_	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	generals	general	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	overrun	overrun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	18	det:predet	_	_
14	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
15	vast	vast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	rugged	rugged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	sierras	sierra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	rise	rise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
22	like	like	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	ramparts	rampart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
24	along	along	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	borders	border	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	peninsula	peninsula	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	standard	standard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Islam	Islam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	triumph	triumph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
41	even	even	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	Biscay	Biscay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
48	collecting	collect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	advcl	_	_
49	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	50	det	_	_
50	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Abdalasis | 52 |  |  |  | Abdalasis's generals *obj* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent general=Theme |
| 2 | **overrun** | to-infinitive | Abdalasis *not said here* | all vast sierras |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rise** | present | all vast sierras |  |  | the ocean borders of the peninsula |  | like ramparts | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along border=Location |
| 4 | **carry** | past | sierras *= sierra* | the standard of Islam |  | triumph |  | to the mountains of Biscay | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent standard=Theme to mountain=Destination |
| 5 | **collect** | gerund | sierras *= sierra* *not said here* | all manner of precious spoil |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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