---
title: Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counsellor, the… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counsellor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza: aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously. Who acts: father, Abdalasis. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain., sentence 3

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Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counsellor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza: aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

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**Who acts:** father, Abdalasis · **What happens:** leave, aid, administer · **To what, where:** nephew, public affairs

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, Abdalasis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:36:3
# text = Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counsellor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza: aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.
1	Fortunately	fortunately	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	bosom	bosom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	counsellor	counsellor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	discreet	discreet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Ayub	Ayub	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Muza	Muza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
23	aided	aid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	31	det	_	_
31	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	administered	administer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	affairs	affair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
36	prudently	prudently	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	prosperously	prosperously	ADV	RB	_	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · perfect | Abdalasis's father |  |  |  |  | with Abdalasis; as a bosom counsellor; fortunately *property* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent with he=Theme |
| 2 | **aid** | participle |  | the nephew of Muza *not said here* |  |  |  | by Abdalasis's advice | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **administer** | past | Abdalasis | the public affairs |  |  |  | prudently *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent affair=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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